POWER PLATE 

Etudes scientifiques

De nombreuses études ont été réalisés, quelques unes des plus récentes sont mentionnées à titre d'exemple

 
Gain en souplesse et en force musculaire

The effects of a whole-body vibration program on muscle performance and
flexibility in female athletes. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Dec;85(12):956-62.

Fagnani F, Giombini A, Di Cesare A, Pigozzi F, Di Salvo V.
Sports Medicine Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome
"IUSM", Rome, Italy.


OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled study was designed to investigate the
short-term effects of an 8-wk whole-body vibration protocol on muscle
performance and flexibility in female competitive athletes. DESIGN: Twenty-six
young volunteer female athletes (ages 21-27 yrs) were randomized to either the
vibration group or control group. The vibration intervention consisted of an
8-wk whole-body vibration 3 times a week employed by standing on a vertical
vibration platform. As outcome measures, three performance tests
(counter-movement jump, extension strength of lower extremities with an
isokinetic horizontal leg press, and a sit-and-reach test for flexibility) were
performed initially and after 8 wks. RESULTS: A total of 24 athletes completed
the study properly. In the vibration group (n = 13) whole-body vibration induced
significant improvement of bilateral knee extensor strength (P < 0.001),
counter-movements jump (P < 0.001), and flexibility (P < 0.001) after 8 wks of
training. No significant changes were found for all the outcome measures for the
control group (n = 11). CONCLUSIONS: Whole-body vibration is a suitable training
method to improve knee extension maximal strength, counter-movement jump, and
flexibility in a young female athlete if it is properly designed. Not only do
the optimal frequency, amplitude, and g-forces need to be identified but also
the level of muscle activation that would benefit more from vibration
stimulation. The improvement of flexibility is important not only for
performance but also for the prevention of muscle-tendon injury.

Amélioration du tonus de posture et de l'équilibre

Effects of whole body vibration training on postural control in older
individuals: A 1 year randomized controlled trial.Gait Posture. 2006

Bogaerts A, Verschueren S, Delecluse C, Claessens AL, Boonen S.
Division of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation
Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke
Universiteit Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.

This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a 12 month whole
body vibration training program on postural control in healthy older adults. Two
hundred and twenty people were randomly assigned to a whole body vibration group
(n=94), a fitness group (n=60) or a control group (n=66). The whole body
vibration and fitness groups trained three times a week for 1 year. The
vibration group performed exercises on a vibration platform and the fitness
group performed cardiovascular, strength, balance and stretching exercises.
Balance was measured using dynamic computerized posturography at baseline and
after 6 and 12 months. Whole body vibration training was associated with reduced
falls frequency on a moving platform when vision was disturbed and improvements
in the response to toes down rotations at the ankle induced by the moving
platform. The fitness group showed reduced falls frequency on the moving surface
when vision was disturbed. Thus, whole body vibration training may improve some
aspects of postural control in community dwelling older individuals.

The feasibility of Whole Body Vibration in institutionalised elderly persons and
its influence on muscle performance, balance and mobility: a randomised
controlled trial BMC Geriatr. 2005 Dec 22;5:17.

Bautmans I, Van Hees E, Lemper JC, Mets T.
Gerontology, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090
Brussels, Belgium. ivan.bautmans@vub.ac.be

BACKGROUND: Fatigue or lack of interest can reduce the feasibility of intensive
physical exercise in nursing home residents. Low-volume exercise interventions
with similar training effects might be an alternative. The aim of this
randomised controlled trial was to investigate the feasibility of Whole Body
Vibration (WBV) in institutionalised elderly, and its impact on functional
capacity and muscle performance. METHODS: Twenty-four nursing home residents (15
female, 9 male; mean age 77.5 +/- 11.0 years) were randomised (stratification
for age, gender and ADL-category) to 6 weeks static WBV exercise (WBV+, N = 13)
or control (only static exercise; N = 11). Outcome measures were exercise
compliance, timed up-and-go, Tinetti-test, back scratch, chair sit-and-reach,
handgrip strength and linear isokinetic leg extension. RESULTS: At baseline,
WBV+ and control groups were similar for all outcome variables. Twenty-one
participants completed the program and attended respectively 96% and 86% of the
exercise sessions for the WBV+ and control groups. Training-induced changes in
timed up-and-go and Tinetti-test were better for WBV+ compared to control (p =
0.029 for timed up-and-go, p = 0.001 and p = 0.002 for Tinetti body balance and
total score respectively). In an alternative analysis (Worst Rank Score & Last
Observation Carried Forward) the differences in change remained significant on
the Tinetti body balance and total score. No other significant differences in
change between both groups were observed. CONCLUSION: In nursing home residents
with limited functional dependency, six weeks static WBV exercise is feasible,
and is beneficial for balance and mobility. The supplementary benefit of WBV on
muscle performance compared to classic exercise remains to be explored further.

Amélioration de l'entraînement des skieurs

Improving strength and postural control in young skiers: whole-body vibration
versus equivalent resistance training.J Athl Train. 2006 Jul-Sep;41(3):286-93.

Mahieu NN, Witvrouw E, Van de Voorde D, Michilsens D, Arbyn V, Van den Broecke
W.Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Context: Several groups have undertaken studies to evaluate the physiologic
effects of whole-body vibration (WBV). However, the value of WBV in a training
program remains unknown. Objective: To investigate whether a WBV program results
in a better strength and postural control performance than an equivalent
exercise program performed without vibration. Design: Randomized, controlled
trial. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Thirty-three Belgian
competitive skiers (ages = 9-15 years). Intervention(s): Subjects were assigned
to either the WBV group or the equivalent resistance (ER) group for 6 weeks of
training at 3 times per week. Main Outcome Measure(s): Isokinetic plantar and
dorsiflexion peak torque, isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak torque,
explosive strength (high box test), and postural control were assessed before
and after the training period. Results: Both training programs significantly
improved isokinetic ankle and knee muscle strength and explosive strength.
Moreover, the increases in explosive strength and in plantar-flexor strength at
low speed were significantly higher in the WBV group than in the ER group after
6 weeks. However, neither WBV training nor ER training seemed to have an effect
on postural control. Conclusions: A strength training program that includes WBV
appears to have additive effects in young skiers compared with an equivalent
program that does not include WBV. Therefore, our findings support the
hypothesis that WBV training may be a beneficial supplementary training
technique in strength programs for young athletes.

Gain en force musculaire  (jambes)

Whole-body-vibration-induced increase in leg muscle activity during different
squat exercises.J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Feb;20(1):124-9.

Roelants M, Verschueren SM, Delecluse C, Levin O, Stijnen V.
Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics Laboratory.

This study analyzed leg muscle activity during whole-body vibration (WBV)
training. Subjects performed standard unloaded isometric exercises on a
vibrating platform (Power Plate): high squat (HS), low squat (LS), and 1-legged
squat (OL). Muscle activity of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus
medialis, and gastrocnemius was recorded in 15 men (age 21.2 +/- 0.8 years)
through use of surface electromyography (EMG). The exercises were performed in 2
conditions: with WBV and without (control [CO]) a vibratory stimulus of 35 Hz.
Muscle activation during WBV was compared with CO and with muscle activation
during isolated maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs). Whole-body vibration
resulted in a significantly higher (p < 0.05) EMG root-mean-square compared with
CO in all muscle groups and all exercises (between +39.9 +/- 17.5% and +360.6
+/- 57.5%). The increase in muscle activity caused by WBV was significantly
higher (p < 0.05) in OL compared with HS and LS. In conclusion, WBV resulted in
an increased activation of the leg muscles. During WBV, leg muscle activity
varied between 12.6 and 82.4% of MVC values.

Amélioration de la densité osseuse

Effect of 6-month whole body vibration training on hip density, muscle strength,
and postural control in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled pilot
study.J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Mar;19(3):352-9.

Verschueren SM, Roelants M, Delecluse C, Swinnen S, Vanderschueren D, Boonen S.
Laboratory of Motor Control, Department of Kinesiology, Faculteit Lichamelijke
Opvoeding en Kinesitherapie, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium.

High-frequency mechanical strain seems to stimulate bone strength in animals. In
this randomized controlled trial, hip BMD was measured in postmenopausal women
after a 24-week whole body vibration (WBV) training program. Vibration training
significantly increased BMD of the hip. These findings suggest that WBV training
might be useful in the prevention of osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION: High-frequency
mechanical strain has been shown to stimulate bone strength in different animal
models. However, the effects of vibration exercise on the human skeleton have
rarely been studied. Particularly in postmenopausal women-who are most at risk
of developing osteoporosis-randomized controlled data on the safety and efficacy
of vibration loading are lacking. The aim of this randomized controlled trial
was to assess the musculoskeletal effects of high-frequency loading by means of
whole body vibration (WBV) in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Seventy volunteers (age, 58-74 years) were randomly assigned to a whole body
vibration training group (WBV, n = 25), a resistance training group (RES, n =
22), or a control group (CON, n = 23). The WBV group and the RES group trained
three times weekly for 24 weeks. The WBV group performed static and dynamic
knee-extensor exercises on a vibration platform (35-40 Hz, 2.28-5.09g), which
mechanically loaded the bone and evoked reflexive muscle contractions. The RES
group trained knee extensors by dynamic leg press and leg extension exercises,
increasing from low (20 RM) to high (8 RM) resistance. The CON group did not
participate in any training. Hip bone density was measured using DXA at baseline
and after the 6-month intervention. Isometric and dynamic strength were measured
by means of a motor-driven dynamometer. Data were analyzed by means of repeated
measures ANOVA. RESULTS: No vibration-related side effects were observed.
Vibration training improved isometric and dynamic muscle strength (+15% and +
16%, respectively; p < 0.01) and also significantly increased BMD [Bone Density] of the hip
(+0.93%, p < 0.05). No changes in hip BMD were observed in women participating
in resistance training or age-matched controls (-0.60% and -0.62%, respectively;
not significant). Serum markers of bone turnover did not change in any of the
groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that WBV training may be a feasible
and effective way to modify well-recognized risk factors for falls and fractures
in older women and support the need for further human studies.

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